Basic ECG and Arrhythmia Bundle

This chapter reviews the important, basic cardiac anatomy and physiology needed to read electrocardiograms and rhythm strips. This includes the cardiac chambers, valves, electrical system, and circulatory system.

This chapter reviews the cardiac muscle action potential.

This chapter reviews how the ECG machine sees electrical impulses and translates them into the waves seen on the ECG.

This chapter reviews how the cardiac impulse propagates through the heart. Impulses typically start in the sinoatrial (SA) node, go through the atria, the atrioventricular (AV) node, and into the ventricles.

This video shows you the ECG calibrations.

This chapter reviews electrical waveforms. Topics include P-waves, QRS complexes, and T-waves. It reviews Q-waves, R-waves, S-waves, R prime (R'), R double prime (R''), S prime (S'), and S double prime (S'').

This chapter reviews the intervals of the electrical waveforms. Topics include the PR interval, QRS interval, and QT interval.

This chapter reviews telemetry monitors and basic telemetry setups.

This chapter reviews how to properly name rhythms. It emphasizes that rhythms are named by their location of origin and something about the heart rate.

This chapter shows several ways to determine the heart rate on an ECG or telemetry strip.

This chapter reviews sinus rhythms (rhythms that originate from the sinoatrial (SA) node). These include normal sinus rhythm, sinus bradycardia, and sinus tachycardia.

This chapter reviews junctional rhythms (rhythms that originate from the atrioventricular (AV) node). These include idiopathic junctional rhythm, junctional bradycardia, accelerated junctional rhythm, and junctional tachycardia.

This chapter reviews ventricular rhythms (rhythms that originate from the ventricles). These include premature ventricular complexes (PVC), ventricular couplets, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, torsades de pointes (TdP), and ventricular fibrillation.

This chapter reviews atrial rhythms (rhythms that originate from the atria). These include premature atrial complexes (PAC), ectopic atrial rhythms, atrial bradycardia, atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and multifocal atrial tachycardia.

This chapter reviews supraventricular tachycardia. specifically, it covers a fast rhythm that originates from the atrioventricular (AV) node.

This chapter reviews asystole (no heart rhythm) and agonal rhythms (slow variable ventricular rhythms of a dying heart).

This chapter reviews pacemaker rhythms (rhythms that originate from a pacemaker). These include ventricular pacemaker rhythms and atrioventricular pacemaker rhythms.

This video goes over possible artifacts seen on the ECG and rhythm strips.

This lesson goes over atrioventricular (AV) blocks. It covers first-degree AV blocks, second-degree AV blocks (Mobitz 1 [Wenckebach] and Mobitz 2), third-degree (complete) AV blocks, and 2:1 AV blocks

This chapter briefly reviews which heart rhythms are serious and may need immediate medical attention, and which rhythms are overall benign.

This lesson tells about ECGs and how the ECG machine translates the electrical activity of the heart into an ECG graph.

This video shows you the proper position to place the electrodes on a patient to obtain an ECG.

This lesson teaches how to calculate the QRS axis and determine if it is normal. It reviews conditions that cause left axis deviation, right axis deviation, and superior axis.

Although this material is covered in the arrhythmia section of this course, this video gives a great summary of normal and abnormal cardiac rhythms in a single, short video.

This video teaches a quick and easy way to identify left and right atrial abnormality.

This chapter teaches how to identify left and right ventricular hypertrophy on the ECG. It also describes secondary ST and T wave changes that might accompany these conditions.

This video teaches how to identify left and right bundle branch blocks, non-specific intraventricular conduction delays, and left anterior- and left posterior-fascicular blocks.

This important lesson shows how to identify myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarctions. It shows how to diagnose an acute myocardial infarction and then goes through the evolutionary ST and T changes that occur over time. You'll learn to recognize acute, recent, age-undetermined, and old myocardial infarctions on the ECG.

This lesson teaches the differences between primary ST and T wave changes, as seen in ischemia, from secondary ST and T wave changes, as seen in conditions like left ventricular hypertrophy.

This video teaches you to recognize low QRS voltage and then gives you a brief differential diagnosis of urgent/emergent conditions that cause low QRS voltage. This is important to recognize since some of the causes of low voltage are life-threatening and need immediate attention.

This video teaches about ECG changes from hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, and hypocalcemia.

This video goes over the effects of digoxin on the ECG and reviews several medication classes that prolong the QT interval.

This section teaches how to identify the ECG changes from preexcitation and Wolff Parkinson White (WPW) Syndrome.

This chapter shows you a step-by-step approach to reading ECGs and takes you through an example.